The Real Economy of Zaire
The Contribution of Smuggling and Other Unofficial Activities to National Wealth

Janet MacGaffey. With Vwakyanakazi Mukohya, Makwala ma Mavambu ye Beda, Brooke Gundfest Schoepf, Rukarangira wa Nkera, and Walu Engundu

192 pages | 6 x 9
Paper 1991 | ISBN 978-0-8122-1365-2 | $32.50s | £21.50 | Add to cart
Not for sale in the British Commonwealth, except Canada, or in Europe

Janet MacGaffey examines the case of Zaire where, according to the published statistics, wages are at starvation level, production is declining and the infrastructure is falling apart. The center is increasingly held by "system D," the second economy, whose activities, often illegal, take place outside the official economy.

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